Serum immunoglobulin from Nellore cattle produced by in vitro fertilization and treated for umbilical diseases / Imunoglobulinas séricas de bovinos Nelore produzidos por fertilização in vitro e tratados para onfalopatias

The aim of this study was to measure serum immunoglobulin concentrations of Nellore cattle produced by in vitro fertilization (IVF) with umbilical diseases and to evaluate surgical excision as a method of treatment. Sixteen cattle with ages ranging from 1 to 15 months, males and females, affected by umbilical diseases were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were collected for cell counts and the determination of immunoglobulin concentrations by electrophoresis and zinc sulphate turbidimetry (ZST). Four calves were presented with umbilical herniation, two with an umbilical herniation associated with a persistent urachus, two with an umbilical herniation with a persistent urachus and omphaloarteritis, three with an umbilical herniation and an urachal diverticulum, three with a persistent urachus, one with an urachal diverticulum, and one with omphalitis. The blood cell counts pre- and post-surgical revealed differences in cell volume and the number of leukocytes. The immunoglobulin values measured by electrophoresis values were below normal in most animals, whereas the ZST showed normal levels in most of them. Most of the calves affected by umbilical diseases and produced by IVF presented hypoglobulinaemia. Correlations between umbilical diseases, failure of passive transfer of immunity and IVF could not be demonstrated.(AU)

Os objetivos desse estudo foram mensurar as concentrações séricas das imunoglobulinas de bovinos Nelore, produzidos por fertilização in vitro (FIV), acometidos por onfalopatias e avaliar a excisão cirúrgica como método de tratamento. Utilizou-se 16 animais, com idade variando de 1 a 15 meses, machos e fêmeas, acometidos por afecções umbilicais. Amostras de sangue foram colhidas para realização de hemogramas e avaliação das imunoglobulinas, por meio de eletroforese e turbidimetria com sulfato de zinco. Foram observados quatro casos de hérnias umbilicais, dois de hérnia umbilical associadas à persistência de úraco, dois casos de hérnia umbilical com persistência de úraco e onfaloarterite, três de hérnia umbilical com divertículo de úraco, três casos de persistência de úraco, um de divertículo de úraco e um de onfalite. O hemograma revelou diferença significativa para os valores de Volume Globular e Leucócitos, nos momentos pré e pós-tratamento cirúrgico dos animais. A eletroforese evidenciou valores de imunoglobulina abaixo da normalidade na maioria dos animais, enquanto que a turbidimetria apresentou níveis normais na maioria dos bovinos, quando comparados com valores de referência. A maioria dos bovinos estudados, acometidos de onfalopatias e concebidos por FIV, apresentaram hipoglobulinemia. Os resultados obtidos não permitem afirmar que existe relação entre as onfalopatias, falha de transferência de imunidade passiva e FIV.(AU)

Aquisição de imunidade passiva em cabritos alimentados com colostro de cabras com e sem mastite / Immunity of procurement in passive kids fed colostrum from goats with and without mastitis

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a transferência de imunidade passiva de cabras, que pariram com mastite, para seus respectivos cabritos. Os animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos, a saber: grupo 1 (GI), constituído por cabritos, filhos de cabras sem isolamento microbiológico em ambas as glândulas mamárias, e grupo 2 (GII), composto por cabritos, filhos de cabras com resultado positivo à lactocultura, em pelo menos uma das glândulas mamárias. Foram coletadas amostras de colostro e sangue à parição, bem como às 24 e às 48 horas após o parto/nascimento. O diagnóstico e o monitoramento da mastite nos animais foram realizados por meio do California Mastitis Test (CMT), contagem de células somáticas e isolamento microbiológico. A proteína total foi mensurada pelo método do biureto, e as concentrações de imunoglobulina A (IgA), imunoglobulina G (IgG), transferrina, albumina e haptoglobina por meio da eletrofoerese em gel de poliacrilamida contendo dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS-PAGE). Os agentes mais isolados na cultura microbiológica foram os Staphylococcus coagulase negativa. Não houve diferença significativa (P<0,05) entre os valores médios de imunoglobulina G (IgG) nos cabritos provenientes de cabras com mastite quando comparados aos recém-nascidos oriundos de cabras livres de infecções intramamárias. Da mesma forma, a atividade de gamaglutamiltransferase (GGT) não mostrou diferença entre os grupos em todos os momentos avaliados. A ingestão de colostro decorrente de cabras com mastite não causou falha na transferência de imunidade passiva nos respectivos conceptos.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the transfer of passive immunity goats kidded with mastitis to their kids. The animals were divided into two groups, namely: Group 1 (GI) containing kids, sons of goats without microbiological isolation in both mammary glands, and Group 2 (GII), composed of kids, sons of goats with positive result to lactoculture in at least one of mammary glands. Colostrum samples and blood were collected after delivery, 24 and 48 hours after delivery / birth. The diagnosis and monitoring of mastitis in animals were performed using the California Mastitis Test (CMT), somatic cell count and microbiological isolation. Total protein was measured by the biuret method, and the concentrations of immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), transferrin, albumin and haptoglobin through eletrofoerese polyacrylamide gel containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS-PAGE). The agents most isolated in microbiological culture were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. There was no significant difference (p <0.05) between the acquisition of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in goats from goats with mastitis compared to infants originating free goat mammary infections. Similarly the gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) was equal in the comparison between groups in all evaluated moments. The colostrum intake resulting from goats with mastitis caused no failure in the passive transfer of immunity in their fetuses.

Avaliação da absorção colostral em neonatos ovinos da raça Bergamácia / Evaluation of colostral absorption in neonates of Bergamacia breed

Objetivou-se determinar o período de absorção das macromoléculas colostrais e a transferência de imunidade passiva em cordeiros da raça Bergamácia. Avaliou-se o proteinograma sérico dos cordeiros antes da ingestão de colostro até 48 horas de vida e das frações colostrais ao nascimento e 12 horas pós-parto. Foi avaliada a concentração de proteína total no soro por refratometria e sua relação com a densidade e quantidade de gamaglobulinas presentes no colostro. A concentração sérica de gamaglobulina nos cordeiros variou de 0,111±0,07g/dL antes da ingestão de colostro a 1,609±0,72g/dL às 48 horas. Nas amostras de colostro, a concentração variou de 3,125±1,27g/dL, imediatamente após o parto, para 1,378±0,82g/dL, 12 horas após. A concentração de proteína sérica total teve acréscimo de 4,46±0,58g/dL para 5,61±0,75g/dL entre o nascimento e após 48 horas, apresentando correlação positiva com a densidade e a proteína total colostral. A absorção colostral pelo cordeiro foi ascendente até 24 horas subsequentes ao parto, quando, então, iniciou-se sua estabilização. A quantificação da proteína sérica, com uso de refratômetro nos cordeiros, pode ser usada como método para avaliar a transferência de imunidade passiva, pois está diretamente relacionada com a absorção de gamaglobulina colostral...

The period of absorption of colostrum macromolecules and the passive immunity transfer of Bergamacia lambs was determined. The serum proteinogram of lambs before the intake of colostrum up 48 hours of life and colostrum fractions between delivery and twelve hours after birth were measured. The total protein concentration in serum was evaluated by refractometry and also its relationship with the density and amount in colostrum. The serum concentration of gamma globulin in lambs from 0.111±0.07g/dL before the intake of colostrum was 1.609±0.72g/dL at 48 hours. In the colostrum samples, the concentration was 3.125±1.27g/dL immediately after delivery and 1.378±0.82g/dL twelve hours after birth. Serum total protein concentration increased from 4.46±0.58g/dL to 5.61±0.75g/dL between birth and after 48 hours, there was positive correlation with the density and total protein colostrum. The lamb had ascendant colostrum absorption subsequent to delivery, for twelve hours and then began its stabilization. The quantification of serum protein with the use of the refractometer in lambs can be used as a method to evaluate the transfer of passive immunity because it is directly related to the absorption of colostral gammaglobulin...

Proteinograma sérico de bezerros recém-nascidos alimentados com colostro de vacas com mastite / Serum protein concentration in newborn calves fed with colostrum from cows wirh mastitis

O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de avaliar o proteinograma sérico de bezerros alimentados com colostro oriundo de vacas sadias (n = 10 ), com mastite assintomática (n = 10 ) e mastite clínica (n =10 ). As vacas foram alocadas em seus respectivos grupos de acordo com o exame macroscópico da secreção colostral, contagem de células somáticas, CMT e isolamento microbiano. As amostras de sangue dos conceptos foram colhidas logo após o nascimento, 24 e 48 horas após a ingestão do colostro dos quartos infectados e dos sadios. Foi avaliada a concentração de proteína total pelo método do biureto e as concentrações de imunoglobulina A (IgA), imunoglobulina G (IgG), transferrina, albumina e haptoglobina por meio da eletrofoerese em gel de poliacrilamida contendo dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS-PAGE). Não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos nas concentrações de albumina, proteína total e IgA. Os bezerros alimen- tados com colostro de vacas com mastite assintomática e clínica apresentaram teores de haptoglobina superiores aos animais sadios. As concentrações de IgG e transferrina foram significativamente inferiores nos bezerros tratados com colostro de vacas com mastite clínica. Concluiu-se que a ingestão de colostro de quartos sadios e infectados de vacas que pariram com mastite (GII e GIII) não resulta em falha de transferência da imunidade passiva.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum protein concentration in newborns fed with colostrum derived from healthy cows (n = 10), cows with subclinical mastitis (n = 10) and cows with clinical mastitis (n = 10). 30 Holstein cows were assigned to their respective groups according to macroscopic examination of colostral secretion, somatic cell count, CMT and presence of bacteria in colostrum samples. Blood samples of the calves were collected immediately after birth, at 24 and 48 hours after ingestion of colostrum. The total protein was measured by the biuret method and the concentrations of immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), transferrin, albumin and haptoglobin was determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). No differences were observed amongst groups in the concentrations of albumin, total protein and IgA. In animals from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis haptoglobin concentrations were higher than those of healthy animals. The concentrations of IgG and transferrin were significantly lower in calves from cows with mastitis. We concluded that the ingestion of colostrum from infected and uninfected glands from cows with mastitis (GII e GIII) is unlikely to be an important contributor to the high rate of failure of passive transfer of immunoglobulins in calves.

Establishing animal model of passive transferred myasthenia gravis in C57BL/6 mice aged 4 to 5 weeks by acetylcholine receptor monoclonal antibody / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To establish an animal model of passive transferred myasthenia gravis(PTMG) in C57BL/6 mice aged 4 to 5 weeks with nicotinic acetylcholine receptor monoclonal antibody-mAb35 so as to decide the effective dose of mAb35 required to induce PTMG and to supply animal model for further study of the pathogenesis and immunotherapy of human MG.Methods The C57BL/6 mice aged 4 to 5 weeks in the experimental group were divided into three subgroups(E1,E2,E3),injected intraperitoneally(i.p.) with 0.2 ml of Ringer's buffer solution containing 0.5,1.0 or 1.5 mg/kg capital monoclonal antibody mAb35 of acetylcholine receptor respectively.The control group(N) were injected i.p.with 0.2 ml of Ringer's buffer solution without mAb35.To decide whether the model was successful,the clinical symptoms,ultrastructural changes of the mice as well as pharmacological and electrophysiological evaluation were observed and the serum levels of acetylcholine receptor antibody(AChRAb) were detected.Results All mice in the experimental groups were induced of clinic symptoms of myasthenia.The features in pharmacology,electrophysiology,ultrastructure and increased level of acetylcholine receptor antibody were in accordance with those of MG patients.Conclusion The model of PTMG can be successfully induced in C57BL/6 mice with mAb35 at effective dose of 1.0 mg/kg.The method is convenient and reliable.A fine animal model is established for experimental study of myasthenia gravis in children.

PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF OFFSPRING OF MOTHER-MICE INFECTED WITH TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS AGAINST SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM INFECTIONS / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To explore the acquired immunity against Schistosoma japonicum infections in the offspring of mother-mice infected with Trichinella spiralis.Methods The offspring of mother-mice infected with Trichinella spiralis and the mice after passively transferring the offspring's sera were sacrificed at day 42 post infection with S. japonicum cercariae. The percentage of reduction in worm burdens was calculated to determine the protective effects. Results Comparing with the control group, the reduction rates of the worm were 24.31% in the offspring, 18.65% and 20.77% in mice with passively transferring the offspring's sera by intravenous injection and muscular injection respectively. Conclusion The offspring of mother-mice infected with Trichinella spiralis and the mice with passively transferring the offspring's sera could acquire protective immunity against Schistosoma japonicum infections.